Contemporary acupuncture focuses on the practitioner’s knowledge of neuroanatomy, and relies on a thorough history and physical exam in order to apply treatment, consisting of fine needles and electro-stimulation. The resultant effects are a release of neurochemicals by the body in order to decrease/eliminate the pain sensation. Another mechanism that occurs is the neuromodulation of the nervous system. Individuals with chronic/long-lasting pain have an altered nervous system and acupuncture helps to restore maladaptive changes. It is highly effective for sport injuries, chronic pain, arthritis, muscle and joint pain and neuropathic pain with the goal of restoring functional capacity.